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Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh
Journal of Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh
Review Articles · Vol. 5 No. 1 (2014)

Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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JPSB
Journal of
Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh
Published : January 2014
CONTENTSVolume 05Number 1January 2014
Editorial
What we can read and what we cannot read in the mortality curve of the neonatal surgery - the progress of the neonatal surgery in Japan
Akio Kubota
01
Review Articles
Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
SA Begum, R Afroz, Q Khanam, A Khanom, TS Choudhury
30
Original Articles
Immediate Outcome of Neonate With Pneumothorax
Marium Begum, Zabrul SM Haque, Mahmuda Hassan, Abdul Mannan, Nasim Jahan
03
Diagnosis of Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Ureter by Ultrasonography
Fathima Nusrath Halim, Mohammad Ali Sarker, Farah Nazlee, Md Nazrul Islam
08
Comparative study between intralesional Dexamethasone and oral Prednisolone in the treatment of Infantile Hemangioma
Tahmina Akhter Chowdhury, Akbar Husain Bhuiyan, Mohammed Monjurul Hakim
12
Evaluation of breast disease by clinical breast examination (CBE): Experience of a tertiary care hospital
Rehana Akhter, Farzana Deeba, Mir Mosarraf Hossain, Begum Nasreen, Jesmin Banu, Masuma Amanullah
20
A Comparative Study between the Outcome of Laparoscopic Appendectomy and Open Appendectomy in Children
Nazmus Sakib Ferdous, Ashraf Ul Huq, Kaniz Hasina, Masuda Khatun
25
Case Reports
Fetal Hydronephrosis, A Case Report And Review of Literature
Parveen Akhter Shamsunnahar, Abdul Motaleb, Begum Nasrin, Fawzia Hossain, Sharmeen Mahmood, Shirin Akhter Begum
36
The Official Journal of the
ASSOCIATION OF PAEDIATRIC SURGEONS OF BANGLADESH (APSB)
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Authors

  • SA BegumAssociate Professor, Obs & Gyne, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka
  • R AfrozMedical officer, Obs & Gyne, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka
  • Q KhanamMedical officer Obs & Gyne, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka
  • A KhanomAssistant Professor, Obs & Gyne, National institute of cancer research hospital (NICRH), Dhaka
  • TS ChoudhuryAssistant Professor, Obs & Gyne, BIRDEM Hospital, Dhaka

Keywords

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM), also known as simply diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Worldwide in 2012 and 2013 diabetes resulted in 1.5 to 5.1 million deaths per year, making it the 8th leading cause of death. Diabetes overall at least doubles the risk of death. This high blood sugar produces the symptoms of frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. Untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Acute complications include diabetic ketoacidosis and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. Serious long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcers and damage to the eyes. The number of people with diabetes is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035. The economic costs of diabetes globally were estimated in 2013 at $548 billion and in the United States in 2012 $245 billion. Globally, as of 2013, an estimated 382 million people have diabetes worldwide, with type 2 diabetes making up about 90% of the cases. This is equal to 8.3% of the adults population, with equal rates in both women and men. There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: In case of type 1 Diabetes mellitus, results from the bodys failure to produce enough insulin. This form was previously referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes. The cause is unknown. Another type is type 2 diabetes mellitus begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. As the disease progresses a lack of insulin may also develop. This form was previously referred to as non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes. The primary cause is excessive body weight and not enough exercise. Gestational diabetes is the third main form and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop a high blood glucose level. Gestational diabetes usually resolves after the birth of the baby. It occurs in about 2–10% of all pregnancies and may improve or disappear after delivery. However, after pregnancy approximately 5–10% of women with gestational diabetes are found to have diabetes mellitus, most commonly type 2. Gestational diabetes is fully treatable, but requires careful medical supervision throughout the pregnancy.

Journal of Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh (2014) Vol. 5 (1): 30–35

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